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Keith Haring Cheetahs Keith Haring Art Dog Jumping in Person Name

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American artist and social activist

Keith Haring
Keithharingportrait.png

Haring in 1988
Built-in

Keith Allen Haring


(1958-05-04)May 4, 1958

Reading, Pennsylvania, U.Southward.
Died February sixteen, 1990(1990-02-16) (aged 31)

New York City, U.S.
Education
  • The Ivy School of Professional Art
  • School of Visual Arts New York City

Notable work
  • Keith Haring Mural (1984)
  • Crack is Wack (1986)
  • Tower (1987)
  • Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA (1989)
  • Tuttomondo (1989)
Movement
  • Popular fine art
  • street fine art
Website www.haring.com Edit this at Wikidata
Signature
Keith Haring signature.png

Keith Allen Haring (May 4, 1958 РFebruary 16, 1990) was an American artist whose popular fine art emerged from the New York City graffiti subculture of the 1980s.[1] His animated imagery has "go a widely recognized visual language".[ii] Much of his work includes sexual allusions that turned into social activism by using the images to abet for safe sex and AIDS awareness.[three] In addition to solo gallery exhibitions, he participated in renowned national and international group shows such as documenta in Kassel, the Whitney Biennial in New York, the Ṣo Paulo Biennial, and the Venice Biennale. The Whitney Museum held a retrospective of his fine art in 1997.

Haring's popularity grew from his spontaneous drawings in New York City subways—chalk outlines of figures, dogs, and other stylized images on blank black ad spaces.[4] After gaining public recognition, he created colorful larger scale murals, many deputed.[4] He produced more fifty public artworks between 1982 and 1989, many of them created voluntarily for hospitals, mean solar day intendance centers and schools. In 1986, he opened the Pop Shop equally an extension of his work. His later piece of work often conveyed political and societal themes— anti-crack, anti-apartheid, rubber sex activity, homosexuality and AIDS—through his own iconography.[5]

Haring died on February 16, 1990, of AIDS-related complications. In 2014, he was one of the countdown honorees in the Rainbow Honor Walk in San Francisco, a walk of fame noting LGBTQ people who have "made significant contributions in their fields". In 2019, he was one of the inaugural 50 American "pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes" inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument in New York City'south Stonewall Inn.

Biography [edit]

Early life and education: 1958–1979 [edit]

Haring was built-in at Community Full general Hospital in Reading, Pennsylvania, on May iv, 1958.[half dozen] He was raised in Kutztown, Pennsylvania, by his female parent, Joan Haring, and father, Allen Haring, an engineer and amateur cartoonist. He had 3 younger sisters, Kay, Karen and Kristen.[vii] He became interested in art at a very young historic period, spending time with his father producing artistic drawings.[eight] His early influences included Walt Disney cartoons, Dr. Seuss, Charles Schulz, and the Looney Tunes characters in The Bugs Bunny Show.[8]

Haring's family attended the United Church of Christ.[9] In his early teenage years, he was involved with the Jesus Motion.[ten] He later hitchhiked across the country, selling T-shirts he made featuring the Grateful Dead and anti-Nixon designs.[11] He graduated from Kutztown Expanse High Schoolhouse in 1976.[12] He studied commercial art from 1976 to 1978 at Pittsburgh's Ivy School of Professional Art, but eventually lost interest,[thirteen] inspired to focus on his ain art after reading The Art Spirit (1923) by Robert Henri.[8]

Haring had a maintenance job at the Pittsburgh Center for the Arts and was able to explore the art of Jean Dubuffet, Jackson Pollock, and Mark Tobey. He was highly influenced around this time by a 1977 retrospective of Pierre Alechinsky's piece of work and past a lecture that the sculptor Christo gave in 1978. From Alechinsky work, he felt encouraged to create big images that featured writing and characters. From Christo, Haring was introduced to ways of incorporating the public into his fine art. His first significant one-man exhibition was in Pittsburgh at the Center for the Arts in 1978.[eight]

Haring moved to the Lower East Side of New York in 1978 to study painting at the School of Visual Arts. He also worked as a busboy during this fourth dimension at the nightclub Danceteria.[14] While attending school he studied semiotics with Bill Beckley and experimented with video and functioning art. Haring was too highly influenced in his fine art by writer William Burroughs.[8]

In 1978, Haring wrote in his journal: "I am becoming much more aware of movement. The importance of movement is intensified when a painting becomes a performance. The performance (the human activity of painting) becomes as important as the resulting painting."[15]

In December 2007, an surface area of the American Textile Edifice in the TriBeCa neighborhood of New York City was discovered to contain a Haring painting from 1979.[16]

Early work: 1980–1981 [edit]

Haring kickoff received public attending with his graffiti art in subways where he created white chalk drawings on a black, unused advertisement backboard in the stations.[17] He considered the subways to be his "laboratory", a place where he could experiment and create his artwork and saw the blackness advertisement newspaper as a free space and "the perfect place to draw".[18] The Radiant Babe, a crawling baby with emitting rays of low-cal, became his virtually recognized symbol. He used it every bit his tag to sign his piece of work while a subway artist.[x] Symbols and images (such equally barking dogs, flight saucers, and large hearts) became common in his work and iconography. As a result, Haring's works spread quickly and he became exceedingly more recognizable.

The writings of Burroughs and Brion Gysin inspired Haring's work with lettering and words.[11] In 1980, he created headlines from word juxtaposition and attached hundreds to lamp-posts around Manhattan. These included phrases like "Reagan Slain by Hero Cop" and "Pope Killed for Freed Earnest."[19] That same twelvemonth, as function of his participating in The Times Square Show with ane of his earliest public projects, Haring altered a imprint advertisement to a higher place a subway archway in Times Square that showed a female person embracing a male person's legs, blacking-out the first letter so that it essentially read "hardón" instead of "Chardón", a French clothing make.[1] He afterwards used other forms of commercial fabric to spread his piece of work and messages. This included mass producing buttons and magnets to hand out and working on top of subway ads.

In 1980, Haring began organizing exhibitions at Society 57, which were filmed past his close friend and photographer Tseng Kwong Chi.[20] In tardily 1981, Haring had his kickoff solo exhibition at Hal Bromm Gallery in Tribeca.[21]

Breakthrough and rise to fame: 1982–1986 [edit]

Haring painting a mural at the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1986

In January 1982, Haring was the first of twelve artists organized by Public Art Fund to display piece of work on the computer-animated Spectacolor billboard in Times Square.[22] That summer, Haring created his starting time major outdoor landscape on the Houston Bowery Wall on the Lower East Side.[23] In his paintings, he often used lines to evidence free energy and movement.[24] Haring would often work quickly, trying to create as much piece of work as possible—sometimes completing as many as 40 paintings in a mean solar day.[15] One of his works, Untitled (1982), depicts two figures with a radiant heart-love motif, which critics have interpreted every bit a boldness in homosexual love and a significant cultural statement.[24]

In 1982, Haring participated in documenta seven in Kassel, where his work were exhibited alongside Joseph Beuys, Anselm Kiefer, Gerhard Richter, Cy Twombly, Jean-Michel Basquiat and Andy Warhol.[25] In October 1982, he had an exhibition at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery with his collaborator graffiti artist Angel "LA II" Ortiz.[26] That year, he was in several group exhibitions including Fast at Alexander Milliken Gallery in New York City.[27]

In 1983, Elio Fiorucci invited Haring to Milan to paint the walls of his Fiorucci store.[28] [29] That year, Haring participated in the São Paulo Biennale in Brazil and the Whitney Biennial in New York.[30] [31] He also had a solo exhibition at the Fun Gallery in the East Village, Manhattan in Feb 1983.[32] While Haring was in London for the opening of his exhibition at the Robert Fraser Gallery in 1983, he met and began collaborating with choreographer Neb T. Jones. Haring used Jones' body equally the sail to pigment from caput to toe.[33]

Haring and Angel "LA Two" Ortiz produced a T-shirt design for friends Willi Smith and Laurie Mallet's clothing label WilliWear Productions in 1984.[34] Haring too collaborated with fashion designer Vivienne Westwood. After Haring was profiled in Paper mag, Westwood reached out to editor-in-primary Kim Hastreiter to facilitate a meeting. Haring presented Westwood with ii large sheets of drawings and she turned them into textiles for her Fall/Winter 1983-84 Witches collection.[35] Haring's friend Madonna wore a skirt from the collection, virtually notably in the music video her 1984 single "Borderline."[36]

In 1984, Haring was included in the Venice Biennale.[30] He was invited to create temporary murals at the National Gallery of Victoria and the Art Gallery of New South Wales.[37] He also painted the permanent Keith Haring Mural at Collingwood Technical College in Melbourne.[38] That twelvemonth, Haring painted murals at the Walker Art Heart in Minneapolis and in Rio de Janeiro.[39]

Haring's swift rise to international glory condition was covered past the media. His art covered the February 1984 issue of Vanity Fair, and he was featured in the October 1984 upshot of Newsweek.[forty] [41] Haring was commissioned by the United Nations to create a starting time day embrace the United nations stamp and an accompanying express edition lithograph to commemorate 1985 every bit International Youth Year.[42] He designed MTV set decorations, and painted murals for diverse art institutions and nightclubs, such as the Palladium in Manhattan.[10] In March 1985, Haring painted the walls of the Grande Halle de la Villette for the Biennale de Paris.[43] In July 1985, he made a painting for the Alive Aid concert at J.F.K. Stadium in Philadelphia.[44] Additionally, he painted a car owned past art dealer Max Protetch to be auctioned with proceeds donated to African famine relief.[45] Haring connected to be politically active as well by designing Complimentary South Africa posters in 1985,[46] and creating a affiche for the 1986 Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament.[47]

Barking dog sculpture past Haring in Dortmund, Frg

In the spring of 1986, Haring had his commencement solo museum exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, where he also painted a mural.[48] In June 1986, he created a xc-foot banner, CityKids Speak on Liberty, in conjunction with The CityKids Foundation to commemorate the centennial anniversary of the Statue of Freedom's arrival in the United States.[49] In October 1986, Haring created a landscape on the Berlin Wall for the Checkpoint Charlie Museum. The mural was 300 meters (980 ft) long and depicted red and black interlocking human figures against a yellow groundwork. The colors were a representation of the German flag and symbolized the promise of unity between E and Westward Germany.[50] That year, Haring also created public murals in the lobby and ambulatory intendance department of Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center on Flushing Avenue, Brooklyn.[51]

Haring collaborated with Grace Jones, whom he had met through Andy Warhol. Haring painted Jones' body for her music video "I'm Not Perfect" and live performances at the Paradise Garage.[52] Haring as well painted Jones' for her role of Katrina the Queen of The Vampires in the 1986 film Vamp.[53] Haring collaborated with David Spada, a jewelry designer, to design the sculptural adornments for Jones.[54]

Haring illustrated vinyl covers for various artists such equally David Bowie'southward "Without Y'all" (1983), N.Y.C. Peech Boys' Life Is Something Special (1983), Malcolm McLaren's "Duck For The Oyster" (1983), and Sylvester's "Someone Similar You" (1986).[55]

In 1986, Haring created his Crack is Wack landscape in East Harlem, visible from New York's FDR Drive.[xiii] It was originally considered as vandalism by the New York Constabulary Department and Haring was arrested. Merely subsequently local media outlets picked upwards the story, Haring was released on a bottom accuse. While in jail, Haring's original work was vandalized. This mural is an instance of Haring's employ of consciousness raising rather than consumerism, "Crack is Wack" rather than "Coke is it."[56] He later made an updated version of the mural on the same wall.[57]

Pop Shop: 1986 [edit]

Haring painting a mural at the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1986

In April 1986, Pop Store opened in Soho, selling shirts, posters, and other items showing Haring'south work.[58] This made Haring'due south work readily attainable to purchase at reasonable prices.[59] Some criticized Haring for commercializing his piece of work.[sixty] [v] Asked about this, Haring said, "I could earn more money if I but painted a few things and jacked up the price. My shop is an extension of what I was doing in the subway stations, breaking down the barriers between high and depression art."[59] The Pop Store remained open up afterward Haring's expiry; profits go to the Keith Haring Foundation.[58]

The Pop Shop was far from Haring's only endeavor to make his work widely accessible. Throughout his career, Haring fabricated fine art in subways and on billboards.[59] His attempts to make his piece of work relatable can also be seen in his figures' lack of discernable ages, races, or identities.[10] Past the inflow of Pop Shop, his work began reflecting more socio-political themes, such as anti-Apartheid, AIDS awareness, and the scissure cocaine epidemic.[5]

Final years and death: 1987–1990 [edit]

From 1982 to 1989, Haring was featured in more than than 100 solo and group exhibitions and produced more than 50 public artworks in dozens of charities, hospitals, twenty-four hour period care centers, and orphanages.[61] Haring was openly gay and used his work to advocate for condom sex activity.[62] He was diagnosed with AIDS in the autumn of 1988.[63] He used his imagery during the last years of his life to speak about his illness and to generate activism and sensation about AIDS.[5]

In 1987, Haring had exhibitions in Helsinki, Paris, and elsewhere. During his stay in Paris for the 10th anniversary exhibition of American artists at the Centre Georges Pompidou, Haring and his lover Juan Rivera painted the Belfry landscape on an 88-pes-high (27 m) exterior stairwell at the Necker Children'south Hospital.[64] [65] While in Kingdom of belgium for his exhibition at Gallery 121, Haring painted a mural at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Antwerp.[66]

That same year, Haring was as well invited by artist Roger Nellens to paint a landscape at his Casino Knokke.[67] While working at that place, Haring stayed in Le Dragon, a monster-shaped invitee business firm owned past Nellens which had been designed by artist Niki de Saint Phalle. With the consent of both the designer and the owner, Haring painted a fresco mural along an interior balustrade and stairway.[68] [69]

Haring designed a carousel for André Heller's Luna Luna, an ephemeral amusement park in Hamburg from June to August 1987 with rides designed by renowned gimmicky artists.[70] [71] In August 1987, Haring painted a large landscape at the Cerise Street Recreation Center's outdoor puddle in the Due west Village.[72] [73] In September 1987, he painted a temporary mural, Detroit Notes, at the Cranbrook Art Museum in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. The work reveals a new darker phase in Haring's way, which Cranbrook Fine art Museum Director Andrew Blauvelt speculates foreshadows the confirmation of his AIDS diagnosis.[74]

Haring designed the encompass for the 1987 benefit album A Very Special Christmas and the Run-DMC single "Christmas In Hollis"; proceeds went to the Special Olympics.[42] [55] The image for the A Very Special Christmas compilation anthology consists of a typical Haring figure holding a baby. Its "Jesus iconography" is considered unusual in mod stone holiday albums.[75]

In 1988, Haring joined a select group of artists whose work has appeared on the label of Chateau Mouton Rothschild wine.[76] In January 1988, he traveled to Japan to open up Pop Store Tokyo; it closed in the summer of 1988.[77] In Apr 1988, Haring created a mural on the South Backyard for the annual White House Easter Egg Roll, which he donated to Children'due south National Infirmary in Washington, D.C.[78] In December 1988, Haring's exhibition opened at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery, which he stated was his nearly of import show to appointment. He felt he had something to prove because of his health condition and the deaths of his friends Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat.[79]

In February 1989, Haring painted the Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA mural in the drug-infested Barrio Chino neighborhood of Barcelona to raise awareness of the AIDS epidemic.[lxxx] In May 1989, at the invitation of a teacher named Irving Zucker, Haring visited Chicago to pigment a 480-foot landscape in Grant Park with nearly 500 students.[81] Iii other Haring murals materialized in Chicago around the aforementioned time: 2 at Rush University Medical Eye, the other at Wells Community Academy High Schoolhouse.[82] The latter, was completed days before Haring'south arrival in Chicago, equally a sort of welcome.[83] Co-ordinate to Zucker, Haring sent the school a design template for the mural, which was executed by a fellow instructor, Tony Abboreno, an abstract artist, and Wells High Schoolhouse art students, but Haring gave information technology his terminal blessing and signed it himself.[83]

For The Center Show, an exhibition celebrating the 20th ceremony of the Stonewall Riots, Haring was invited past the Lesbian and Gay Community Services Center in New York to create a site-specific work.[84] He chose the second-floor men'southward bath to paint his Once Upon a Time... mural in May 1989.[85] In June 1989, Haring painted his Tuttomondo mural on the rear wall of the convent of the Sant'Antonio Abate church in Pisa.[86]

Haring at his terminal exhibit in La Galerie de Poche, Paris, France, Jan 1990

Haring criticized the abstention of social issues such as AIDS through a slice chosen Rebel with Many Causes (1989) that revolves around a theme of "hear no evil, run into no evil, speak no evil".[87] During the terminal week of November 1989, Haring painted a mural at the ArtCenter College of Design in Pasadena for "A Day Without Art". The mural was commemorated on December 1, the second almanac AIDS Awareness Day. He commemorated the mural on December one, Earth AIDS Day, and told the Los Angeles Times: "My life is my fine art, it's intertwined....When AIDS became a reality in terms of my life, it started becoming a subject in my paintings. The more it afflicted my life the more information technology affected my piece of work."[five] In Jan 1990, Haring traveled to Paris for what would be his last exhibition at La Galerie de Poche.[88]

On February 16, 1990, Haring died of AIDS-related complications at his LaGuardia Place apartment in Greenwich Village.[89] [59] He was cremated and his ashes were scattered in a field near Bowers, Pennsylvania, just south of his hometown Kutztown.[90] 3 months after his death, Haring posthumously appeared in Rosa von Praunheim's documentary film Silence = Expiry (1990) almost gay artists in New York City fighting for the rights of people with AIDS. It was released on May 4, which would have been his 32nd birthday.[91]

Friendships [edit]

Soon after moving to New York to study at the School of Visual Arts, he became friends with classmates Kenny Scharf,[92] Futura,[92] Samantha McEwen, and John Sex. Somewhen, he befriended Jean-Michel Basquiat, who would write his SAMO graffiti effectually the campus.[93] When Basquiat died in 1988, Haring wrote his obituary for Vogue magazine, and he paid homage to him with the painting A Pile of Crowns for Jean-Michel Basquiat (1988).[94] [95]

In 1979, Haring met photographer Tseng Kwong Chi in the Due east Village. They became friends and he documented much of Haring's career.[96] In 1980, Haring met and began collaborating with graffiti artist Angel "LA II" Ortiz.[23] Haring recounted: "We just immediately hit it off. It's as if we'd known each other all our lives. He's like my little blood brother."[23] Ortiz'due south artistry formed an important part of Haring'southward piece of work that has gone unacknowledged past the art establishment.[97] [98] Following Haring's death, Ortiz stopped receiving credit and payment for his part in Haring'southward work. According to Montez, author of the volume Keith Haring's Line: Race and the Performance of Desire, the Keith Haring Foundation and the art world have since made strides to rectify Ortiz's erasure.[99]

By the early on 1980s, Haring had established friendships with fellow emerging artists Fab 5 Freddy and Futura 2000, and singer Madonna.[xi] [100] Andy Warhol, who befriended Haring in 1982, was the theme of their 1986 Andy Mouse collaboration series. Warhol also created a portrait of Haring and his lover Juan Dubose in 1983.[101] Through Warhol, Haring befriended Grace Jones, Francesco Clemente, and Yoko Ono.[11] He too formed friendships with James Rosenquist, Niki de Saint Phalle, Jean Tinguely, and Claude Picasso.[102]

Art dealer Yves Arman was Haring's close friend, and Haring was the godfather of his daughter. Haring said Arman was "probably the best supporter I had in the art globe."[11] In 1989, Arman was killed in a machine blow on his way to see Haring in Kingdom of spain.[11]

In 1988, Gil Vazquez was invited by a friend to visit Haring's Broadway studio.[103] Haring and Vazquez became close friends and spent a great deal of fourth dimension together. Before his decease, Haring set upward a foundation bearing his name. He appointed his banana and studio manager Julia Gruen to be the executive director; she began working for him in 1984.[104] Vazquez is the board president of the foundation, which is based at Haring's Broadway studio.[105]

Legacy [edit]

The Keith Haring Foundation [edit]

In 1989, Haring established the Keith Haring Foundation to provide funding and imagery to AIDS organizations and children'south programs. The foundation's stated goal is to keep his wishes and expand his legacy past providing grants and funding to non-profit organizations that educate disadvantaged youths and inform the public about HIV and AIDS. It also shares his piece of work and contains information about his life.[106] The foundation also supports arts and educational institutions past funding exhibitions, educational programs, and publications.[106] In 2010, The foundation partnered with the AIDS Service Middle NYC to open the Keith Haring ASC Harlem Center to provide HIV peer instruction and access to care services in Harlem.[107]

Accolades and tributes [edit]

As a celebration of his life, Madonna declared that the final American engagement of her 1990 Blond Appetite World Bout would be a benefit concert for Haring's retentiveness. The more than $300,000 the evidence made from ticket sales was donated to the Foundation for AIDS Research.[108] The act was documented in the 1991 film Madonna: Truth or Dare. [109]

Haring's work was featured in several of Cerise Hot System's efforts to raise coin for AIDS and AIDS sensation, specifically its offset 2 albums, Reddish Hot + Blue (1990) and Reddish Hot + Dance (1992), the latter of which used Haring's piece of work on its cover. His fine art remains on display worldwide.[59]

In 1991, Haring commemorated the AIDS Memorial Quilt with his famous baby icon on a fabric panel. The baby was embroidered past Haring's aunt, Jeannette Ebling, and Haring's mother, Joan Haring, did much of the sewing.[110]

Tim Finn wrote the song "Hit The Basis Running", on his anthology Before & After (1993), in memory of Haring.[111]

In 2006, Haring was named by Equality Forum equally 1 of their 31 Icons of LGBT History Month.[112]

In 2008, Haring had a balloon in tribute to him at the Macy'south Thanksgiving Solar day Parade.[113]

On May four, 2012, on what would accept been Haring's 54th birthday, Google honored him in a Google Doodle.[114]

In 2014, Haring was i of the inaugural honorees in the Rainbow Honor Walk. The Rainbow Honour Walk is a walk of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood noting LGBTQ people who have "made significant contributions in their fields."[115] [116] [117]

In June 2019, Haring was one of the inaugural l American "pioneers, trailblazers, and heroes" inducted on the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor within the Stonewall National Monument (SNM) in New York Urban center's Stonewall Inn.[118] [119] The SNM is the first U.South. national monument dedicated to LGBTQ rights and history,[120] and the wall'southward unveiling was timed to take place during the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots.[121]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Haring's signature manner is frequently seen in various fashion collections. His manor has collaborated with brands such every bit Adidas, Lacoste, UNIQLO, Supreme, Reebok, and Coach.[122] [123]

Haring is the subject of a limerick, Haring at the Exhibition, written and performed by Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero in collaboration with DJ Nicola Guiducci. The work combines excerpts from pop nautical chart music of the 1980s with samples of classical music compositions past Lorenzo Ferrero and synthesized sounds. It was featured at "The Keith Haring Bear witness", an exhibition which took place in 2005 at the Triennale di Milano.[124]

In 2008, filmmaker Christina Clausen released the documentary The Universe of Keith Haring. In the film, his legacy is "resurrected through colorful archival footage and remembered by friends and admirers such equally artists Kenny Scharf and Yoko Ono, gallery owners Jeffrey Deitch and Tony Shafrazi, and choreographer Bill T. Jones".[125]

Madonna used Haring's fine art as animated backdrops for her 2008/2009 Sticky and Sweet Tour. The animation featured his trademark blocky figures dancing in beat to an updated remix of "Into the Groove".[126]

Keith Haring: Double Retrospect is a monster sized jigsaw puzzle past Ravensburger measuring in at 17 past 6 feet (5.2 past ane.8 m) with 32,256 pieces, breaking Guinness Volume of World Records for the largest puzzle ever fabricated in 2011. The puzzle uses 32 pieces of his work and weighs 42 pounds (xix kg).[127]

In 2017, his sister Kay Haring wrote a children'due south book, Keith Haring: The Boy Who Merely Kept Drawing, which ranked among the top ten sellers every week for over a year in the Amazon category of Children's Art History.[128]

In July 2020, BBC Two broadcast the documentary Keith Haring: Street Fine art Male child, which is built from a serial of interviews betwixt Haring and art critic John Gruen in 1989.[129] [130] The documentary, which was directed by Ben Anthony, aired in Dec 2020 on PBS every bit part of the American Masters series.[131] [132]

Influences [edit]

Haring'southward work demonstrates political and personal influences. References to his sexual orientation are apparent throughout his work, and his journals ostend its bear upon on his piece of work.[133] There are symbolic allusions to the AIDS epidemic in some of his later pieces, such as Untitled (true cat. no. 27), Silence=Decease and his sketch Weeping Woman. In some of his works—including cat. no. 27—the symbolism is subtle, but he as well produced some blatantly activist works. Silence=Death, which mirrors the ACT UP affiche and uses its motto, is almost universally agreed upon as a piece of work of HIV/AIDS activism.[134]

Haring was influenced by William Burroughs' work with Brion Gysin and their volume The Third Heed.[11] He was also influenced by boyfriend artists, including Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, George Condo, and Angel "LA II" Ortiz.[23] [11]

Keith Haring Mural (1984) at the former Collingwood Technical College in Collingwood, Melbourne

In some of his art he drew connections between the end of the world and the AIDS virus. In a piece that he made with William Burroughs, he depicts the virus as demon-like creatures, the number 666, and a mushroom deject.[10]

Haring's proximity to the nuclear meltdown at Three Mile Island had a large impact on him. His fear of nuclear disaster started to announced in his fine art. An case of this is a black and white striped flag that he said symbolized the danger of a nuclear apocalypse.[10]

Haring was securely influenced by the Jesus Movement as a youth, and information technology continued to play a part in his art for his entire career. The movement was an extremely evangelical, loosely organized, diverse group of Christians. They were known for their anti-materialism and anti-establishment beliefs, focus on the Last Judgment, and their compassionate treatment of the poor. As a immature teenager, Haring became very involved in the move. Religious symbols started to be incorporated into his drawings around that age every bit well as Jesus Movement sentiments. This includes anti-church institution views that can be seen in some of his later work.[ten] Though his fourth dimension as a "Jesus Person" did not final across his teenage years, religious images, symbols, and references continued to appear in his fine art. In an interview near the end of his life he commented, "[All] that stuff stuck in my caput and even now there are lots of religious images in my work. Some people even recall my work is by a religious fanatic or maniac."[10]

When Haring was cartoon graffiti in the subway, he used a tag to sign his piece of work. His tag, the Radiant Baby, depicts a baby with lines radiating from it, alluding to the Christ Child. He continued to make images depicting the Christ Child, including Nativity scenes in his characteristic way during his fourth dimension as a subway creative person.[10] His last pieces were two religious triptychs; both went to Episcopal cathedrals. In them he illustrates the Concluding Judgment, though who is beingness saved in the pieces is ambiguous.[ten]

Exhibitions [edit]

During his lifetime, Haring had over 50 solo exhibitions, and was represented by well-known galleries such every bit the Tony Shafrazi Gallery and the Leo Castelli Gallery.[135] Since his death, has been featured in over 150 exhibitions effectually the world.[136] He has also been the subject field of several international retrospectives.

Haring participated in New York/New Wave exhibit at MoMA PS1 in 1981.[137] In 1981, he had his beginning solo exhibition in the Hal Bromm Gallery,[138] followed past his breakthrough exhibition at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery in 1982.[92] That aforementioned twelvemonth, he took part in documenta seven in Kassel as well equally Public Art Fund's Messages to the Public series in which he created piece of work for a Spectacolor billboard in Times Square.[10] In 1983, Haring contributed work to the Whitney Biennial and the São Paulo Biennial. He also had a solo exhibitions at the Fun Gallery, Galerie Watari in Tokyo, and his second show the Tony Shafarzi Gallery.[139] [140] [32]

In 1984, Haring participated in the group show Arte di Frontiera: New York Graffiti in Italy.[141] In 1984 and 1986, he participated in the Venice Biennale.[142] [thirty] In 1985, the CAPC in Bordeaux opened an exhibition of his works, and he took role in the Paris Biennial.[3] In 1986, three of Haring'due south sculptures were placed at Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza outside the United Nations headquarters.[143] [72] 2 of the works were displayed at Riverside Park from May 1988 to May 1989.[72] In 1991–92, Haring's Figure Balancing on Dog was displayed in Dante Park in Manhattan.[72]

In 1996, a retrospective at the Museum of Contemporary Art Australia was the outset major exhibition of his work in Australia. His fine art was the bailiwick of a 1997 retrospective at the Whitney Museum of American Fine art in New York, curated by Elisabeth Sussman.[144] The Public Art Fund, in collaboration with the Estate of Keith Haring, organized a multi-site installation of his outdoor sculptures at Central Park's Doris C. Freedman Plaza and along the Park Avenue Malls.[145] This public exhibition occurred simultaneously with the retrospective at the Whitney.[146]

In 2007, Haring's painted aluminum sculpture Self-Portrait (1989) was displayed in the vestibule of the Arsenal in Key Park, equally part of the retrospective exhibition The Outdoor Gallery: 40 Years of Public Art in New York Urban center Parks.[72]

In 2008, there was a retrospective exhibition at the MAC in Lyon, French republic. In February 2010, on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Haring's death, the Tony Shafrazi Gallery showed an exhibition containing dozens of works from every stage of Haring'southward career.[147] In March 2012, a retrospective exhibit of his work, Keith Haring: 1978–1982, opened at the Brooklyn Museum in New York.[148] In April 2013, Keith Haring: The Political Line opened at the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris and Le Cent Quatre. In November 2014, then at the De Young Museum in San Francisco.[149]

From December 2016 to June 2017, the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles exhibited The Unconventional Canvases of Keith Haring, which featured five vehicles that Haring painted.[150] In 2019, Haring's work was exhibited at Gladstone Gallery in Kingdom of belgium.[151] The outset major UK exhibition of Haring'due south work, featuring more than than 85 artworks, was at Tate Liverpool from June to November 2019.[152] From Dec 2019 to March 2020, the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne exhibited Keith Haring and Jean-Michel Basquiat: Crossing Lines.[153]

In Feb 2021, the Museum of Gimmicky Fine art Denver opened the exhibition Keith Haring: Grace Firm Mural, which displays thirteen panels from a landscape Haring painted at a Cosmic youth middle on the Upper Westward Side of Manhattan in either March 1983 or 1984.[154] The mural — which featured Haring'southward radiant baby, barking dog, and dancing man figures — spanned 3 floors and 85 feet. When Grace House was sold, its operator, the Church of the Rise, went against the Keith Haring Foundation's wishes of securing a buyer who would maintain the piece of work. Instead, the church had sections of the mural cut out and sold at auction in 2019 to an anonymous private collector for $three.86 million. The panels are on loan to the museum and will appear on exhibit until Baronial 22, 2021.

In March 2022, the exhibition Keith Haring: Grace House Mural moved to the Schunck Museum in Heerlen, Holland, where it will appear until September 25, 2022.[155]

Art market place [edit]

A CBS Evening News written report from October 1982 shows scenes from Haring'due south solo exhibit at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery in SoHo. Information technology was reported that over a quarter of a million dollars worth of paintings were sold inside the beginning few days of the show'due south opening.[156] Although he was an established artist past 1983, Shafrazi stated that Haring wanted to proceed his prices low.[157] His prices ranged from $three,000 for a drawing to $15,000 for a large painting.[157]

Haring created the Pop Shop in 1986 in the SoHo district of Manhattan, selling T-shirts, toys, posters, and other objects that show his works—allowing his works to exist accessible to a larger number of people.[sixty] Speaking about the Popular Store in 1989, Haring said: "For the past five or half dozen years, the rewards I've gotten are very asymmetric to what I deserve...I brand a lot more coin than what I should make, and so it'due south a little bit of guilt, of wanting to give it dorsum."[5]

Haring was represented until his death by fine art dealer Tony Shafrazi.[158] Since his expiry in 1990, his estate has been administered by the Keith Haring Foundation, which is represented past Gladstone Gallery.[159] In May 2017, Haring'south painting Untitled (1982), which features his signature symbols—the radiant baby, barking dogs, angels and red Xs—sold for $6.5 meg at Sotheby'due south in New York, condign the most expensive Haring artwork sold at auction.[160] Nonetheless, the winning applicant, Anatole Shagalov, failed to pay and Sotheby'southward resold it for $iv.4 million in August 2017.[161]

In October 2020, the Keith Haring Foundation hired Sotheby'south to agree an online auction of more than 140 works from the collection of Keith Haring.[162] "Beloved Keith" surpassed its guess of $i.four million to attain $4.6 one thousand thousand with a 100 percent sell-through rate by lot. All proceeds from the sale went to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Centre of New York.[162] In December 2021, Haring's 1982 painting Untitled (Acrobats), from the collection of Peter M. Brant and Stephanie Seymour, sold for five.5 million at Sotheby'south in New York.[163]

Collections [edit]

Haring's work is in major private and public collections, including the Museum of Modern Art, the Morgan Library and Museum, and the Whitney Museum of American Fine art in New York City; Los Angeles County Museum of Fine art; the Art Plant of Chicago; the Bass Museum in Miami; Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; the Brant Foundation Art Study Centre in Greenwich, Connecticut; the Carnegie Museum of Fine art and the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh; the Ludwig Museum in Cologne; and the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam.[164] He also created a broad variety of public works, including the infirmary at Children's Village in Dobbs Ferry, New York,[165] and the second floor men'south room in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Centre in Manhattan, which was later transformed into an office and is known as the Keith Haring Room.[166] [167] In January 2019 an exhibit called "Keith Haring's New York" opened at New York Law Schoolhouse in the main building of its Tribeca campus.[168]

The Nakamura Keith Haring Collection, established in 2007 in Hokuto, Yamanashi, Nihon, is an art museum exhibiting exclusively the artworks of Haring.[169] [170]

Hallmark issues [edit]

In that location is no catalogue raisonné for Haring, but in that location is copious information about him on the estate'south website and elsewhere, enabling prospective buyers or sellers to research exhibition history.[171] In 2012, the Keith Haring Foundation disbanded its authentication board to focus on its charitable activities.[172] That same year, it donated $1 million to support exhibitions at the Whitney Museum of American Art and $1 1000000 to Planned Parenthood of New York City's Project Street Beat out.[158] In 2014, a group of nine art collectors sued the foundation, claiming that information technology has price them at least $40 million by refusing to authenticate 80 purported Haring works.[173] In 2015, a guess ruled in favor of the foundation.[174]

See also [edit]

  • LGBT culture in New York Urban center
  • List of LGBTQ people from New York City
  • Tom Greenish, an artist with related imagery

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Farther reading [edit]

  • Gruen, John (1991). Keith Haring: The Authorized Biography. Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-0-671-78150-7.
  • Haring, Keith. Keith Haring Journals, Penguin Classics, 2010. ISBN 978-0143105978
  • Reading Public Museum, Keith Haring: Journeying of the Radiant Baby, Piermont, New Hampshire : Bunker Hill Publishing Co., 2006. ISBN 978-1-59373-052-nine
  • Van Pee, Yasmine. Colorlessness is always counterrevolutionary: art in downtown New York nightclubs, 1978–1985 (M.A. thesis, Center for Curatorial Studies at Bard Higher, 2004)

External links [edit]

  • Profile at the Keith Haring Foundation
  • Keith Haring in Melbourne

moscafrally61.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Haring

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